Palmitic acid
Description
Description of palmitic acid with associated disease summary
Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid) is a saturated
fatty acid. Phospholipid esters of palmitic acid compose more than 60% lung
surfactant therefore palmitic acid become the majority non-volatile lipid detected
in EBC. In addition, the concentration of palmitic acid does not depend on
gender, age or smoking. It becomes a reasonable standard for compensating the
dilution factor (J
Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. (2010)).
However, two studies show that the concentration levels of EBC
palmitic acid in asthma patients is significantly lower than the concentrations
in healthy controls (J
Allergy Clin Immunol. (2011), J Allergy Clin Immunol.
(2010)).
Description of disease(s) related to Palmitic acid:
Disease summary
Asthma
Although the concentration level of EBC palmitic acid is assumed normally distributed among all samples, two studies show that the concentration levels of EBC palmitic acid in asthma patients is significantly lower than the concentrations in healthy controls (J Allergy Clin Immunol. (2011), J Allergy Clin Immunol. (2010)).
Summary of extracted biomedical information
Palmitic acid is associated with abnormalities such as gamma-Chain Disease. The involved biomedical functions are known as Oxidation, fatty acid oxidation, Isoprenylation, palmitoylation and Ingestion. The associated genes/proteins with palmitic acid are EPO gene. Palmitic acid is associated with decanaldehyde, Naphthalene, Tritium, Isotopes and Deuterium.
Associated references with human 19
Download references|
Reference title
with link to reference page |
Journal | Year | Authors & PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Targeted eicosanoids lipidomics of exhaled breath condensate in healthy subjects. | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | 2010 |
M. Sanak, A. Gielicz, K. Nagraba, M. Kaszuba, J. Kumik, A. Szczeklik
J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 2010 Jul;878(21):1796-800. PubMed:20627827 |
| Greater dietary fat oxidation in obese compared with lean men: an adaptive mechanism to prevent liver fat accumulation? | Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. | 2010 |
L. Hodson, SE. McQuaid, SM. Humphreys, R. Milne, BA. Fielding, KN. Frayn, F. Karpe
Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010 Oct;299(4):E584-92. PubMed:20628024 |
| Reduced tricarboxylic acid cycle flux in type 2 diabetes mellitus? | Diabetologia | 2008 |
P. Schrauwen, MK. Hesselink
Diabetologia 2008 Sep;51(9):1694-7. PubMed:18587560 |
| Blunted lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation during moderate exercise in HIV-infected subjects taking HAART. | Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. | 2007 |
WT. Cade, DN. Reeds, B. Mittendorfer, BW. Patterson, WG. Powderly, S. Klein, KE. Yarasheski
Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2007 Mar;292(3):E812-9. PubMed:17106066 |
| The benefits of oestrogens on postprandial lipid metabolism are lost in post-menopausal women with Type 2 diabetes. | Diabet. Med. | 2006 |
MG. Masding, AJ. Stears, GC. Burdge, SA. Wootton, DD. Sandeman
Diabet. Med. 2006 Jul;23(7):768-74. PubMed:16842482 |
| Pulmonary surfactant in patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | Crit. Care Med. | 2006 |
R. Schmidt, P. Markart, C. Ruppert, B. Temmesfeld, R. Nass, J. Lohmeyer, W. Seeger, A. Günther
Crit. Care Med. 2006 Sep;34(9):2370-6. PubMed:16849999 |
| Absorption and transport of dietary long-chain fatty acids in cirrhosis: a stable-isotope-tracing study. | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | 2005 |
E. Cabré, JM. Hernández-Pérez, L. Fluvià, C. Pastor, A. Corominas, MA. Gassull
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2005 Mar;81(3):692-701. PubMed:15755841 |
| Validation of deuterium-labeled fatty acids for the measurement of dietary fat oxidation during physical activity. | J. Lipid Res. | 2004 |
A. Raman, S. Blanc, A. Adams, DA. Schoeller
J. Lipid Res. 2004 Dec;45(12):2339-44. PubMed:15342677 |
| Conversion of alpha-linolenic acid to palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic and oleic acids in men and women. | Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids | 2003 |
GC. Burdge, SA. Wootton
Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 2003 Oct;69(4):283-90. PubMed:12907139 |
| Palmitoylation and processing of the lipopeptide surfactant protein C. | Biochim. Biophys. Acta | 2002 |
A. ten Brinke, LM. van Golde, JJ. Batenburg
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 2002 Aug;1583(3):253-65. PubMed:12176392 |
| Effects of obesity on substrate utilization during exercise. | Obes. Res. | 2002 |
BH. Goodpaster, RR. Wolfe, DE. Kelley
Obes. Res. 2002 Jul;10(7):575-84. PubMed:12105277 |
| Kinetics of intramuscular triglyceride fatty acids in exercising humans. | J. Appl. Physiol. | 2000 |
Z. Guo, B. Burguera, MD. Jensen
J. Appl. Physiol. 2000 Nov;89(5):2057-64. PubMed:11053362 |
| Differential oxidation of individual dietary fatty acids in humans. | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | 2000 |
JP. DeLany, MM. Windhauser, CM. Champagne, GA. Bray
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000 Oct;72(4):905-11. PubMed:11010930 |
| Lipolysis and lipid oxidation in weight-losing cancer patients and healthy subjects. | Metab. Clin. Exp. | 2000 |
SD. Zuijdgeest-van Leeuwen, JW. van den Berg, JL. Wattimena, A. van der Gaast, GR. Swart, JH. Wilson, PC. Dagnelie
Metab. Clin. Exp. 2000 Jul;49(7):931-6. PubMed:10910006 |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester supplementation in cachectic cancer patients and healthy subjects: effects on lipolysis and lipid oxidation. | Clin Nutr | 2000 |
SD. Zuijdgeest-Van Leeuwen, PC. Dagnelie, JL. Wattimena, JW. Van den Berg, A. Van der Gaast, GR. Swart, JH. Wilson
Clin Nutr 2000 Dec;19(6):417-23. PubMed:11104593 |
| Effect of fatty acid chain length and saturation on the gastrointestinal handling and metabolic disposal of dietary fatty acids in women. | Br. J. Nutr. | 1999 |
AE. Jones, M. Stolinski, RD. Smith, JL. Murphy, SA. Wootton
Br. J. Nutr. 1999 Jan;81(1):37-43. PubMed:10341674 |
| The gastrointestinal handling and metabolism of [1-13C]palmitic acid in healthy women. | Lipids | 1995 |
JL. Murphy, A. Jones, S. Brookes, SA. Wootton
Lipids 1995 Apr;30(4):291-8. PubMed:7609595 |
| Multicenter trial of single-dose modified bovine surfactant extract (Survanta) for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Ross Collaborative Surfactant Prevention Study Group. | Pediatrics | 1990 |
RF. Soll, RE. Hoekstra, JJ. Fangman, AJ. Corbet, JM. Adams, LS. James, K. Schulze, W. Oh, JD. Roberts, JP. Dorst
Pediatrics 1990 Jun;85(6):1092-102. PubMed:2187176 |
| Chain shortening of palmitic acid in human subjects. | Am. J. Clin. Nutr. | 1988 |
MT. Clandinin, S. Khetarpal, ES. Kielo, MA. French, B. Tokarska, YK. Goh
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1988 Sep;48(3):587-91. PubMed:3414572 |
Associated curated diseases 4
Download diseasesAssociated disease mapping
Mapping of all associated diseases to palmitic acid is displayed in red.
|
Disease Name
with link to disease page |
Description of MeSH term
with link to MeSH Database |
Number of references |
|---|---|---|
| Aspirin Sensitive Asthma |
MeSH:
Asthma, Aspirin-Induced
Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g., BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin use.
Year introduced: 2010
Link to MeSH Database: D055963
|
2 |
| Asthma |
MeSH:
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and
intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of
airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).
Link to MeSH Database: D001249
|
91 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) |
MeSH:
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.
Year introduced: 2002
Link to MeSH Database: D029424
|
31 |
| Bronchiectasis |
MeSH:
Bronchiectasis
Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.
Link to MeSH Database: D001987
|
3 |
Associated abnormalities 0
No associated abnormalities are detected in current reference collection.
There are 19 associated references with palmitic acid. Due to lack of full text of references or no associated abnormalities are detected in our text-mining workflow, we cannot extract any abnormality terms from the associated reference collection.
Associated chemicals 6
| Concept Name | External ID | Definition | Weighted Score | Hits | References | |
| Isotopes | 854.0 | 1 |
|
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| Deuterium | 925.0 | 1 |
|
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| Esters | CHEBI:35701 | 944.0 | 1 |
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| decanaldehyde | 769.23 | 1 |
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| Naphthalene | CHEBI:16482 | 1000.0 | 1 |
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| Phenols | CHEBI:33853 | 928.57 | 1 |
|
Associated functions 3
| Concept Name | External ID | Definition | Weighted Score | Hits | References | |
| palmitoylation | 1000.0 | 1 |
|
|||
| Ingestion | 825.94 | 1 |
|
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| Ion Transport | 873.58 | 1 |
|
Associated genes 1
| Concept Name | External ID | Definition | Weighted Score | Hits | References | |
| EPO gene | EntrezGene:2056 | 694.0 | 1 |
|
NCBI Entrez Crosslinks
Chemical Information
| Formula | C16H32O2 |
| Mass | 256.43 |
| Synonyms | palmitic acid Hexadecanoic acid Cetylic acid palmitate n-Hexadecanoic acid 57-10-3 Hexadecylic acid Hydrofol n-Hexadecoic acid 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid Palmitinic acid Pentadecanecarboxylic acid C16 fatty acid hexaectylic acid Industrene 4516 Emersol 140 Emersol 143 Hystrene 8016 Hystrene 9016 1-Hexyldecanoic Acid |
| PubChem CID | 985 |