Glutathione

Description

Description of glutathione with associated disease summary

Glutathione is a major antioxidant in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the lungs ( Respir Med. (2008) ). In one study, glutathione levels were higher in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of control subjects than in asthma subjects, as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-Fluorescent) ( Am J Respir Crit Care Med. (2003) ). The same study also revealed glutathione levels in asthma subjects rose after oral steroid treatment compared with pretreatment group, this could be explained by the fact that corticosteroids have been demonstrated to increase glutathione synthase in both animal models and in vitro systems ( Am J Respir Crit Care Med. (2003) ). Chronic alcoholism is associated with an elevated risk for pulmonary infection and a 3-fold chance for incidence and mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome with critical injury. The role of glutathione redox balance in pulmonary function and diseased states was investigated in a study using EBC collected from healthy subjects with or without a history of alcohol abuse. Studies reported an alcohol-induced depletion of glutathione. It was also reported that chronic alcoholism is associated with elevated oxidation of glutathione ( Respir Med. (2008) ). Description of disease(s) related to glutathione:

Alcohol abuse

Studies reported an alcohol-induced depletion of glutathione. It was also reported that chronic alcoholism is associated with elevated oxidation of glutathione ( Respir Med. (2008) ).

Asthma

One study revealed glutathione levels in asthma subjects rose after oral steroid treatment compared with pretreatment group, this could be explained by the fact that corticosteroids have been demonstrated to increase glutathione synthase in both animal models and in vitro systems ( Am J Respir Crit Care Med. (2003) ).

Summary of extracted biomedical information

Glutathione is associated with abnormalities such as Tuberculosis, Lung diseases, Tietze's Syndrome, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult and Rheumatoid Arthritis. The involved biomedical functions are known as acidification, Adjudication, Laser-generated electromagnetic radiation, Proteolysis and hemolysis. The associated genes/proteins with glutathione are GSTP1 gene. Glutathione is associated with eosin maleimide, Carbon, Organic solvent product, 6-iodoacetamidofluorescein and 5-iodoacetamidofluorescein.

Associated references with human 19

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Reference title

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Journal Year Authors & PubMed Link
Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2015 J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň
J Chromatogr A 2015 Apr;1391:102-8. PubMed:25757819
Exhaled breath condensate in intubated neonates--a window into the lung's glutathione status. Respir. Res. 2014 MI. Rosso, S. Roark, E. Taylor, X. Ping, JM. Ward, K. Roche, C. McCracken, LA. Brown, TW. Gauthier
Respir. Res. 2014 Jan;15:1. PubMed:24397246
Exhaled breath condensate: a promising source for biomarkers of lung disease. ScientificWorldJournal 2012 Y. Liang, SM. Yeligar, LA. Brown
ScientificWorldJournal 2012 ;2012:217518. PubMed:23365513
Chronic-alcohol-abuse-induced oxidative stress in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. ScientificWorldJournal 2012 Y. Liang, SM. Yeligar, LA. Brown
ScientificWorldJournal 2012 ;2012:740308. PubMed:23346021
Genotoxic effects in swimmers exposed to disinfection by-products in indoor swimming pools. Environ. Health Perspect. 2010 M. Kogevinas, CM. Villanueva, L. Font-Ribera, D. Liviac, M. Bustamante, F. Espinoza, MJ. Nieuwenhuijsen, A. Espinosa, P. Fernandez, DM. DeMarini, JO. Grimalt, T. Grummt, R. Marcos
Environ. Health Perspect. 2010 Nov;118(11):1531-7. PubMed:20833606
Current perspectives of oxidative stress and its measurement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD 2010 JL. Lin, PS. Thomas
COPD 2010 Aug;7(4):291-306. PubMed:20673039
Chlorobenzene induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells in vitro. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2010 R. Feltens, I. Mögel, C. Röder-Stolinski, JC. Simon, G. Herberth, I. Lehmann
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2010 Jan;242(1):100-8. PubMed:19800902
Genetic polymorphisms influence the susceptibility of men to sperm DNA damage associated with exposure to air pollution. Mutat. Res. 2010 J. Rubes, R. Rybar, P. Prinosilova, Z. Veznik, I. Chvatalova, I. Solansky, RJ. Sram
Mutat. Res. 2010 Jan;683(1-2):9-15. PubMed:19800896
Moderate altitude but not additional endurance training increases markers of oxidative stress in exhaled breath condensate. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2009 I. Heinicke, A. Boehler, T. Rechsteiner, A. Bogdanova, W. Jelkmann, M. Hofer, P. Rawlings, OF. Araneda, C. Behn, M. Gassmann, K. Heinicke
Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2009 Jul;106(4):599-604. PubMed:19363619
Styrene induces an inflammatory response in human lung epithelial cells via oxidative stress and NF-kappaB activation. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2008 C. Röder-Stolinski, G. Fischäder, GJ. Oostingh, R. Feltens, F. Kohse, M. von Bergen, N. Mörbt, K. Eder, A. Duschl, I. Lehmann
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2008 Sep;231(2):241-7. PubMed:18554678
Ambient particulate matter (PM2.5): physicochemical characterization and metabolic activation of the organic fraction in human lung epithelial cells (A549). Environ. Res. 2007 S. Billet, G. Garçon, Z. Dagher, A. Verdin, F. Ledoux, F. Cazier, D. Courcot, A. Aboukais, P. Shirali
Environ. Res. 2007 Oct;105(2):212-23. PubMed:17462623
Reactive oxidant species in asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2006 JC. Mak, MM. Chan-Yeung
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2006 Jan;12(1):7-11. PubMed:16357572
Oxidative stress induction by short time exposure to ozone on THP-1 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2006 L. Foucaud, A. Bennasroune, D. Klestadt, P. Laval-Gilly, J. Falla
Toxicol In Vitro 2006 Feb;20(1):101-8. PubMed:16055301
Advanced glycation end-products in sickle cell anaemia. Br. J. Haematol. 2005 SS. Somjee, RP. Warrier, JL. Thomson, J. Ory-Ascani, JM. Hempe
Br. J. Haematol. 2005 Jan;128(1):112-8. PubMed:15606557
Estimation of interindividual variation in oxidative metabolism of dichloromethane in human volunteers. Toxicol. Lett. 2004 LM. Sweeney, CR. Kirman, DA. Morgott, ML. Gargas
Toxicol. Lett. 2004 Dec;154(3):201-16. PubMed:15501612
Non-invasive biomarkers of oxidative stress: reproducibility and methodological issues. Redox Rep. 2004 I. Rahman, SK. Biswas
Redox Rep. 2004 ;9(3):125-43. PubMed:15327743
Biomarkers of oxidative stress after controlled human exposure to ozone. Toxicol. Lett. 2002 M. Corradi, R. Alinovi, M. Goldoni, M. Vettori, G. Folesani, P. Mozzoni, S. Cavazzini, E. Bergamaschi, L. Rossi, A. Mutti
Toxicol. Lett. 2002 Aug;134(1-3):219-25. PubMed:12191881
Characterization of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines established before and after chemotherapy. Lung Cancer 2002 H. Kawai, K. Kiura, M. Tabata, T. Yoshino, I. Takata, A. Hiraki, K. Chikamori, H. Ueoka, M. Tanimoto, M. Harada
Lung Cancer 2002 Mar;35(3):305-14. PubMed:11844606
Microscopic modeling of NO and S-nitrosoglutathione kinetics and transport in human airways. J. Appl. Physiol. 2001 HY. Shin, SC. George
J. Appl. Physiol. 2001 Mar;90(3):777-88. PubMed:11181583

Associated curated diseases 1

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Associated disease mapping

Mapping of all associated diseases to glutathione is displayed in red.

Heart Lung Airway Esophagus Kidney Intestine
Disease Name

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Description of MeSH term

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Number of references
Asthma MeSH: Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).
Link to MeSH Database: D001249
91

Associated abnormalities 3

Concept Name External ID Weighted Score Hits References
Tuberculosis 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Lung diseases 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Tietze's Syndrome ICD9-CM:733.6 676.47 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A

Associated chemicals 6

Concept Name External ID Definition Weighted Score Hits References
Organic solvent product 847.83 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
eosin maleimide 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
6-iodoacetamidofluorescein 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
5-iodoacetamidofluorescein 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Electrolytes 769.83 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Carbon CHEBI:33415 989.07 1
  1. Chlorobenzene induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells in vitro.
    R. Feltens, I. Mögel, C. Röder-Stolinski, JC. Simon, G. Herberth, I. Lehmann (2010) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

Associated functions 11

Concept Name External ID Definition Weighted Score Hits References
Adjudication 998.34 2
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Laser-generated electromagnetic radiation 456.87 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
acidification 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Proteolysis 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
hemolysis 1000.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Exhalation 653.0 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
Free Radical Scavengers 978.26 1
  1. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515 nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection.
    J. Hodáková, J. Preisler, F. Foret, P. Kubáň (2015) J Chromatogr A
nucleophilic addition 1000.0 1
  1. Chlorobenzene induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells in vitro.
    R. Feltens, I. Mögel, C. Röder-Stolinski, JC. Simon, G. Herberth, I. Lehmann (2010) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
Macromolecular alteration 920.0 1
  1. Chlorobenzene induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells in vitro.
    R. Feltens, I. Mögel, C. Röder-Stolinski, JC. Simon, G. Herberth, I. Lehmann (2010) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
Drug Interactions 823.53 1
  1. Chlorobenzene induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells in vitro.
    R. Feltens, I. Mögel, C. Röder-Stolinski, JC. Simon, G. Herberth, I. Lehmann (2010) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
conjugation 1000.0 1
  1. Chlorobenzene induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells in vitro.
    R. Feltens, I. Mögel, C. Röder-Stolinski, JC. Simon, G. Herberth, I. Lehmann (2010) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

Associated genes 1

Concept Name External ID Definition Weighted Score Hits References
GSTP1 gene EntrezGene:2950 678.5 1
  1. Chlorobenzene induces oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells in vitro.
    R. Feltens, I. Mögel, C. Röder-Stolinski, JC. Simon, G. Herberth, I. Lehmann (2010) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.

Chemical Information

Formula C10H17N3O6S
Mass 307.321
Synonyms glutathione
70-18-8
L-Glutathione
Glutathion
reduced glutathione
Glutathione-SH
Glutinal
Isethion
Deltathione
Glutide
Neuthion
Tathion
Copren
Tathione
Triptide
Ledac
Glutatione
Glutatiol
GSH
Panaron
PubChem CID 124886