N,N-dimethylarginine

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous l-arginine analog that competitively inhibits the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Increased ADMA levels have been associated with cystic fibrosis and allergic asthma in both animal models and humans. ( Chest. (2013) ) The lung is a major source of ADMA. Studies have suggested that higher levels of ADMA can lead to a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and a promotion of superoxide formation, result in higher levels of highly reactive nitrogen species that is known to cause oxidative cell damage. ( Chest. (2013) ) It was suggested that ADMA perhaps contribute to a reduction in intracellular substrate availability. This study measured ADMA in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples of 19 healthy adolescents and 14 asthmatic adolescents. The result shows ADMA concentration significantly increased in asthmatic adolescents compared to normal controls. ( Anal Chim Acta. (2012) ) Using a reference analytical technique UPLC-MS/MS, measurable concentrations of ADMA were found in 135 of 142 samples (95%); 71 from children with asthma and 64 from healthy children. Higher levels of ADMA were reported in children with asthma, and a significantly higher levels of ADMA/Tyr in the EBC of children was noted, supporting a role for ADMA in asthma pathogenesis. ( Chest. (2013) ) It was proposed that ADMA ratios to tyrosine determined in EBC, could be more representative biomarkers of oxidative stress in lung inflammation. Current study confirms that ADMA increased in asthma, as demonstrated by Scott et al. (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (2011)) in lungs from asthmatic subjects and in the murine model of allergic airways inflammation. ( Anal Chim Acta. (2012) ) Description of disease(s) related to Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) :

Disease summary

Asthma

One study shows that a significantly higher levels of ADMA/Tyrosine in the EBC of children was noted, supporting a role for ADMA in asthma pathogenesis. ( Chest. (2013) ). Another study confirms that ADMA increased in asthma, as demonstrated by Scott et al. (Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (2011)) in lungs from asthmatic subjects and in the murine model of allergic airways inflammation. ( Anal Chim Acta. (2012) )

Summary of extracted biomedical information

N,n-dimethylarginine is associated with abnormalities such as Endothelial dysfunction, End stage renal failure, Hypertensive disease, Disease of capillaries and Renal glomerular disease. The involved biomedical functions are known as Synthesis, Stimulus, Hypotension of hemodialysis, uptake and Metabolic Control. The associated genes/proteins with N,N-dimethylarginine are KIM-1 protein, rat.